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Showing posts from July, 2026

Race, Reputation, and the Construction of Sporting Justice during the 2024–2026 FIFA World Cup Cycle

Football's Long Memory · Argentina 2024–2026 Football’s Long Memory Argentina, race, and the 2026 World Cup final Abstract — The 2024 to 2026 football cycle witnessed an unusual convergence of sporting achievement, racial controversy, political symbolism, and changing competitive dynamics. ✧ analysis · sociology of sport 📅 23 July 2026 Abstract The 2024 to 2026 football cycle witnessed an unusual convergence of sporting achievement, racial controversy, political symbolism, and changing competitive dynamics. Argentina entered the period as reigning FIFA World Cup champions and one of football’s most celebrated nations. Yet the celebrations that followed the 2024 Copa América became overshadowed by international criticism after midfielder Enzo Fernández appeared in a widely circulated video showing members of Argentina’s squad singing a chant con...

Silencing by Design? Copyright Enforcement, Platform Governance, and Democratic Participation in Kenya’s Digital Public Sphere

Platform Governance and Democratic Communication · Discussion Paper Discussion Paper · July 2026 Kenya · Platform Governance Platform Governance and Democratic Communication Copyright enforcement, automated moderation, and the public sphere in Kenya Abstract This paper examines the intersection of copyright enforcement, platform governance, and democratic participation in Kenya’s digital public sphere. Drawing on documented cases from April 2024 and the #RejectFinanceBill2024 protests, it argues that regardless of what triggers a given mute a legitimate rights-holder match, an overzealous automated classifier, or a bad-faith report the effect of silencing political audio is a measurable loss to democratic communication. The paper deliberately stops short of alleging that any specific act of muting was intentional or politically motivated; its claim is abo...

The National Cybersecurity Agency (Order 2026) and the Constitutional Limits of Cybersecurity Governance in Kenya

Implications for Digital Evidence & Criminal Procedure Implications for Digital Evidence and Criminal Procedure Abstract The rapid digitisation of government services, critical infrastructure, and economic activity has turned cybersecurity into a matter of national security. In response, Kenya enacted the National Cybersecurity Agency Order, 2026, establishing the National Cybersecurity Agency (NCA) as the country’s principal technical and regulatory cybersecurity institution. While the Order strengthens cybersecurity governance and digital resilience, it also raises constitutional questions concerning privacy, digital evidence, institutional oversight, and criminal procedure. This piece examines the Order through the lens of constitutional rights and digital evidence jurisprudence, and argues that the absence of explicit safeguards on digital investigations, evidence handling, and privacy protection could generate fut...

When Cybercrime Laws Meet Constitutional Rights: Implications of BAKE v Attorney General for Digital Forensics and Criminal Justice in Kenya

BAKE v Attorney General Cybercrime & Constitutional Rights (Kenya, 2018) High Court of Kenya, Constitutional and Human Rights Division Petition №206 of 2018 (Judgment dated 1st October 2018) Petition: №206 of 2018 Court: High Court of Kenya, Constitutional & Human Rights Division Judgment: 1 October 2018 Parties: Bloggers Association of Kenya (BAKE) v Attorney General & 5 Others Abstract The Bloggers Association of Kenya (BAKE) v Attorney General case, decided by the High Court of Kenya on 1st October 2018, represents a pivotal moment in the intersection of cybercrime legislation and constitutional human rights protection in Kenya. This paper examines the ruling in Petition №206 of 2018, which challenged the constitutionality of specific sections of the Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act 2018. The case presents a complex constitutional dilemma: the tension between a state’s legitimate need to regulate...